What Are The Benefits Of Eco Briquettes Environmental Sciences Essay

What Are The Benefits Of Eco Briquettes Environmental Sciences EssayUnsustainable of earths re starts and surroundingsal problems be major current problems that occurred by over consumption and inefficient way of using. humor veer, resource depletion, loss of biodiversity, and air pollution has a major impact on many a(prenominal) citizens and the earth which require people change their current behavior. Climate change and global warming argon place of serious issues these days and are besides part of the most present momentant global environmental challenges, with implications for food doing, body of water supply, health, zip and so on. Addressing climate change requires a good scientific understanding as well as coordinated action at national and global level from.PTT 328PTT is the largest energy company in Thailand which the groups principal activity is the operation of oil garble business. The Group also engages in the exploration and deed of petroleum, operation o f natural gas, international trading of rough-cut oil, condensate, petroleum and petrochemical increases and investment in domestic refining and petrochemical industries. Its vision and mission are to be the preeminent Thai energy corporation, operating full phase of the moony integrated oil and gas business, and total energy services. PTT has a clear goal over Quality, Safety, Health and Environment (QSHE). Regarded as the core component of sustainable development, QSHE has been canvass and assessed with the needs of the stakeholders in mind. In conducting energy businesses, it is inevitable for operators to face risks concerning Quality, Safety, Health, and Environment (QSHE). Concerning this, PTT has constantly paid full attention to the control, prevention, and minimization of these risks faced by stakeholders customers, suppliers, contractors, shareholders, communities, staff, and the environment as a whole. The company has applied merchandiseiveness tools and QSHE manage ment systems in all its units to improve its efficiency and the quality of life of staff and communities, and to steadily put up image in the companys social and environmental responsibilities. These measures have successfully instilled greater confidence in investors and advance PTTs international business undertaking. However, sustainable building of business also covers the intersection point which its property and harvest-tideion sue is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient doneout a buildings life-cycle. All of these elements have to concern of economy, utility, durability, and comfort. Biomass briquette is an ideal biomass sack which can enhance the PTTs environmental performance more effective and visual because this the product including raw material, production process and new technologies are developed to create colorer activities to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment byEfficiently using ener gy, water, and other resources defend occupant health and improving employee productivityRecycling waste, reducing pollution and environmental degradation.Biomass briquettesBiomass briquettes are an lower-ranking- hail alternative fuel to coal and other solid combustible fuels which are produced by converting low spate density biomass into steep density solid fuels (Werther et al. cc0). Biomass briquetting deedss are consisted of various types of implements to support different raw materials (Krian et al. 2009). Biomass briquettes are non-conventional source of energy, renewable in nature, eco friendly, non-polluting and economical (Wilaipon 2007). In addition, it has been claimed that.the process of converting biomass to solid fuel is also non-polluting because the process and product are 100 % natural. Briquette is an ideal Bio-fuel because of the following reasonsEco friendly renewable energy fuel.Economical and cheaper than other solid fuels.Thermal calorific value approx imately 4000 Kcal/Kg.Pollution free non-hazardous. set about ash content 4% 8%. There is no fly ash when burnt.Consistent high burning efficiency.Easy for transportation, feeding, and combustion.Combustion is more uniform.Biomass briquettes are an alternative green energy to coal, and are ordinarily apply to fire industrial boilers that produce steam including business which requires burn. fruition process 400 all(prenominal) year Thailand has millions of tons of agricultural wastes are generated. These agricultural wastes are treated a waste with no economic value and either none used or burnt inefficiently in their gentle form causing air pollution. However, this waste can be turned into a completely environment-friendly source of energy through briquetting (Biomass briquettes Replacing coal and LPG.article).Groundnut shellBamboo dustPaddy strawsunflower stalkTea wasteTobacco wasteBagasse(Sugarcane waste)Saw dustCoffee shuck husk strawMustardJute wasteForestry wastesCotton s talkPalm huskWood chipsRice huskReedsSoybeans huskOther agro wastesTable1. Sorts of raw material (based on Werther et al. 2000)Biomass briquettes are manufactured by the process of recycle agricultural wastes and forestry wastes. The machinery used is compatible with multiple agricultural wastes. The agro waste is first pulverized, sieved and then dried to required wet content. This is then fed into the hopper of fuel briquette machine, which uses high compression between conk out and punch settlementing into cylindrical briquettes. Cylindrical briquettes are thus formed due to carbonization, achieved by heating of surface.Figure1. The Biomass briquettes production process (based on Callejn Ferre and Lpez Martnez 2009)Process of BriquettingFirstly, crushing machine prepares suitable coat raw material for biomass briquetting plant by shredding the raw material after it is fed into the machine. After that a tiled metal screen will vibrate shredded remains until it separates from s oil. Then, the remains plant materials were passed into a tank of continuous washing consists of a pivot drum made of screen. After washing the plant material, water is contaminated and low quality, it is brought to purify by water-purification system which is contained in the lowest of the tank. This system allows reused water for briquetting process. Secondly, drying machine prepare suitable moisture raw material for biomass briquette press. For briquetting press, it is only to control the moisture of raw material at a reasonable range that can make good result of biomass briquettes. Or the briquettes will be broken because of too assailable or too dry. Thirdly, briquetting press machine makes the biomass material into briquettes. After the well preparation of raw metarial, briquetting is easy at right operation of biomass briquette press. When machine rise to over 300 centigrade, the material can be feeding continuously into briquetting press. First, the color of briquettes may be a little dark even black, but after a while, the color will be light to normal level coming out of biomass briquette machine. Finally, packing material is the outlive process of briquetting process which the packing machine will load final biomass briquettes and then wrap with a thermal shrink wrap by thermal shrink wrapping machineFinished Product BriquettesBriquettes are ready substitute of lignite, coal and wood in industrial boiler and brick kiln for thermal use including households daily life. Biomass briquettes are non-conventional source of energy, eco-friendly, renewable in nature, non polluting and economical. Its made through binder less technique without use of any type of chemical so it is 100% natural. Compared to fire wood or loose biomass, briquettes give much higher boiler efficiency because of low moisture and higher density.Marketing 200 Explain how it could be groceryed (academic resources)According to (Suksumek 2007) pollution problem by using lignite at Mae Moh former plant in Thailand in 1992 and causing bad effect to villagers, power plant employees and crop of local anesthetic communities, it creates negative image of using lignite and coal which Thai government solves the problem by import coal from oversea. Therefore, it is a good opportunity to market biomass briquette product in Thailand. The manufacturing, located in Thailand, provides a geographical advantage to Tesco because it is populated Moreover, demand consumption of coal is high while low competition in clean fuel product as biomass briquette.Unit KtoeTable1. Forecast on immemorial Energy Demand (based on Suksumek 2007)The multiple usage of the end product enables us to exploit the opportunities in bothcommercial and industrial markets. Our plant will cater to the SA and UK industrial and domestic commercial market such as steel manufacturing plants or electrical plants.There are plenty of potential markets for fuel briquettes in the cities and in the rural areas. The potential customers for the briquettesRefractory IndustriesGasifies System AppLamination IndustriesSpinning MillLeather IndustriesCeramic Industries material unitsVegetable setsSolvent ExtractionPlantRubber IndustriesFood ProcessingIndustriesDyeing UnitsMilk PlantAny IndustrialThermal AppBrick Making UnitsChemical IndustriesMarketing ApproachesSponsorship The plan recommends motivating customers perception and also improves customer relationships in circumstance of green company and green product by integrating green initiatives into every aspect of the organization which links the association of the company and briquette product with an individual, event or organization to display in social responsibility.Using eco-labels and eco-logos on products or marketing materials The plan aims to evince in term of green product by putting eco-label and eco-logos on briquettes packaging to increase customers awareness. zesty customers in green marketing The marketing plan will motivate consumers by encouraging them to take part and engage in the campaign or directly with the product through green clubcard.E-marketing In term of viral marketing, the plan will target online resources like Tescos website chatroom, article media, emails online events and will sell the product through Tescos declare website.Personal Selling Due to briquette is low-value product and it is required to use in many industries therefore face-to-face contact provides better opportunity to sell briquette for large quantity to industries. dispersion45% of the product is exported to the UK retaining 55% of it for the Thailand market.Distribution in Thailand will be done directly to clients upon placing an invest or known as Just-In-Time because the briquette products lead time is short. Moreover, it is available in every branches of Tesco fund in Thailand while it is available in Tesco extra in UK. However, there is some amount of product storaged in warehouse to support an emergency.http/ /refrigeratedtrans.com/2010-emissions/testa_produce_building_green_distribution_center_0412/PackingDue to property of product and distance of transportation, the biomass briquette product would require strong and waterproof packaging. For this reasons, Thermal Shrink wrapping which is inexpensive and environmentally friendly is used as packaging of product. This elastic plastic wrap can also used to protect product when it is not in use. Moreover, it can be used for big and small items therefore it provides an advantage to product and company for future development. In this process, briquettes are fed into the packing machine, heat is used to condense the sheets of packing material to mold, or shrink to the form of the content it will protect.DeliveryBriquettes have high specific density therefore it can withstand the stocks of long distance transport, loading and unloading. Furthermore, transportation costs are much less and storage requirement is drastically reduced. For delivery both in case of commitment and transportation, this plan concerns about climate change and environment friendly, and purposes to improve carbon footprint. The product will be delivered with sharing lorry by working in partnership with other companies and suppliers in domestic and international. For our own transportation, we will use more and more double-decker trailers, which carry 55 percent more products per excursion (single deck 45, double deck 75 cages per trip). In addition, battery-powered vans are making deliveries for our online store, Tesco.com which will continue around 180 tonnes of CO2 each year. From these effective deliveries, Tesco can reduce CO2 emission, save cost and gain higher profit.Conclusion 150